2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel

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Map of the attacks on 7–8 October

On 7 October 2023, Hamas and several other Palestinian militant groups launched armed attacks from the Gaza Strip into the Gaza envelope of southern Israel. It was the first invasion of Israeli territory since the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. Hamas and other Palestinian armed groups named the attacks Operation Al-Aqsa Flood (or Deluge; Arabic: عملية طوفان الأقصى, romanized: ʿamaliyyat ṭūfān al-ʾAqṣā, usually romanised as "Tufan Al-Aqsa" or "Toofan Al-Aqsa"),[1] while in Israel they are known as Black Saturday (Hebrew: השבת השחורה)[2] or the Simchat Torah Massacre (הטבח בשמחת תורה),[3] and internationally as the 7 October attack.[4][5][6] The attacks started the ongoing Israel–Hamas war.

The attacks began early on 7 October with a launch of at least 3,000 rockets launched against Israel.[7][8] Hamas fighters entered the Gaza–Israel barrier, attacking military bases and killing civilians in 21 communities. 364 civilians were killed and many more wounded while attending a music festival.[9][10]

As of November 2023, the IDF said that about 3,000 terrorists invaded southern Israel.[11] In total the attackers killed 1,139 people: 695 Israeli civilians (including 38 children),[12] 71 foreign nationals, and 373 members of the security forces.[13] About 250 Israeli civilians and soldiers were taken as hostages to the Gaza Strip, including 30 children.[14][15][16][17] The Hamas attacking forces massively used rape as a weapon against Israeli residents and kidnapped hostages.[18][19]

References[change | change source]

  1. ↑ From the United Nations:
    • United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) (9 October 2023). "Fact Sheet: Israel and Palestine Conflict (9 October 2023)" (Press release). ReliefWeb. United Nations (UN). Archived from the original on 13 October 2023. Retrieved 13 October 2023. On Saturday, 7 October — a Jewish sabbath day, the end of the weeklong Jewish festival of Sukkot, and a day after the 50th anniversary of the Yom Kippur War — Hamas and other Palestinian armed groups launched Operation al-Aqsa Flood, a coordinated assault consisting of land and air attacks into multiple border areas of Israel.
    • United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) (7 October 2023). "UNRWA Situation Report #1 on the Situation in the Gaza Strip" (Situation Report). United Nations. Archived from the original on 16 October 2023. Retrieved 16 October 2023. At 06:30 on the morning of 7 October 2023, Hamas launched "Operation Al-Aqsa Flood" with more than 5,000 rockets reportedly fired towards Israel from multiple locations in Gaza, as well as ground operation into Israel.
    • United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) (20 October 2023). "Fact Sheet: Israel and Palestine Conflict (19 October 2023)" (Press release). ReliefWeb. United Nations. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023. On Saturday, 7 October...Hamas and other Palestinian armed groups launched Operation al-Aqsa Flood, a coordinated assault consisting of land and air attacks into multiple border areas of Israel.
  2. ↑ Waghorn, Dominic (23 October 2023). "This is a dangerous moment in Israel-Hamas war – and the rest of the world is holding its breath". Sky News. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  3. ↑ Herzl, Tova (20 October 2023). "אל תשתמשו במילה "שואה" בקשר לטבח". Ynet (in Hebrew). Archived from the original on 27 October 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  4. ↑ "Biden Energy Adviser to Discuss Lebanon Border Issues on Israel Trip". Asharq Al-Awsat. November 20, 2023. Archived from the original on 28 November 2023. Retrieved November 20, 2023. In the months before the Oct. 7 attack on Israel by Palestinian Hamas militants who run the Gaza Strip, Hochstein said the United States was exploring the possibility of resolving the longstanding border dispute between Lebanon and Israel.
  5. ↑ "Hamas fighter says he is 'proud' of the October 7 attack on Israel and vows to keep fighting". Sky News. November 10, 2023. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  6. ↑ Jason Burke (November 9, 2023). "A deadly cascade: how secret Hamas attack orders were passed down at last minute". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 17 December 2023. Retrieved November 20, 2023. Analysts said other objectives of the 7 October attacks probably included halting efforts to normalise relations between Israel and Saudi Arabia, further undermining the Palestinian Authority, distracting from Hamas's failure to deliver services or break the blockade of Gaza, and provoking a violent reaction from Israel that would mobilise its own supporters in Gaza, the West Bank and elsewhere.
  7. ↑ Kubovich, Yaniv (17 October 2023). "The First Hours of the Israel-Hamas War: What Actually Took Place?". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 17 October 2023.
  8. ↑ "Around 1,000 dead in Israel-Hamas war, as Lebanon's Hezbollah also launches strikes". South China Morning Post. 8 October 2023. Archived from the original on 8 October 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
  9. ↑ "Israel revises death toll from Oct. 7 Hamas assault, dropping it from 1,400 to 1,200". Times of Israel. 11 November 2023. Archived from the original on 11 November 2023.
  10. ↑ "Israel revises Hamas attack death toll to 'around 1,200'". Reuters. 10 November 2023. Archived from the original on 11 November 2023.
  11. ↑ Fabian, Emanuel; Pacchiani, Gianluca (1 November 2023). "IDF estimates 3,000 Hamas terrorists invaded Israel in Oct. 7 onslaught". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 14 May 2024.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. ↑ "38 children were killed, 20 orphaned on Oct. 7: 'The state did not pass the test of protecting them'". The Times of Israel. 3 March 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. ↑ "Israel social security data reveals true picture of Oct 7 deaths". France 24. 15 December 2023. Archived from the original on 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  14. ↑ "Hamas says it has enough Israeli captives to free all Palestinian prisoners". Al-Jazeera. 7 Oct 2023. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
  15. ↑ Yonah, Jeremy (19 October 2023). "IDF working on rescue ops for over 200 Israeli hostages in Gaza". Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on 20 October 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  16. ↑ McKernan, Bethan (7 October 2023). "Hamas launches surprise attack on Israel as Palestinian gunmen reported in south". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  17. ↑ "Video appears to show Hamas taking Israeli civilian hostage". NBC News. 7 October 2023. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
  18. ↑ "Evidence points to systematic use of rape and sexual violence by Hamas in 7 October attacks | Israel-Gaza war | The Guardian". amp.theguardian.com. Archived from the original on 4 February 2024. Retrieved 2024-02-04. By cross-referencing testimonies given to police, published interviews with witnesses, and photo and video footage taken by survivors and first responders, the Guardian is aware of at least six sexual assaults for which multiple corroborating pieces of evidence exist. Two of those victims, who were murdered, were aged under 18.
    At least seven women who were killed were also raped in the attack, according to Prof Ruth Halperin-Kaddari, a legal scholar and international women's rights advocate, from her examination of evidence so far. The New York Times and NBC have both identified more than 30 killed women and girls whose bodies bear signs of abuse, such as bloodied genitals and missing clothes, and according to the Israeli welfare ministry, five women and one man have come forward seeking help for sexual abuse over the past few months.
  19. ↑ Gettleman, Jeffrey; Schwartz, Anat; Sella, Adam; Shaar-Yashuv, Avishag (2023-12-28). "'Screams Without Words': How Hamas Weaponized Sexual Violence on Oct. 7". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-05-26.
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